In terms of human anatomy, what is the primary role of the notochord during development?

• A. Stabilizing the body structure
• B. Forming the vertebral column
• C. Guiding the development of the spinal cord
• D. Facilitating nutrient transport

Answer: (C)

The primary role of the notochord during development is to guide the formation of the spinal cord, as indicated in the correct answer. The notochord serves as a critical signaling center in the early embryo, influencing surrounding tissues and directing their development. It emits signals that induce the overlying ectoderm to differentiate into neural tissue, leading to the formation of the neural tube, which ultimately develops into the spinal cord and brain.

This process is fundamental in the early stages of development and demonstrates how the notochord contributes to the overall organization of the body's axial skeleton and nervous system. As development progresses, the notochord itself may be replaced by the vertebral column in vertebrates, but its initial role in guiding neural development is essential.

Although stabilizing body structure, forming the vertebral column, and facilitating nutrient transport are important in other contexts, they do not capture the primary developmental function of the notochord, which is centered on the guidance of spinal cord development.