Which of the following traits is NOT part of the OCEAN model of personality?

• A. Openness
• B. Conscientiousness
• C. Extraversion
• D. Empathy

Answer: (D)

The OCEAN model, also known as the Big Five personality traits, consists of five main dimensions: Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism. Each of these traits represents a spectrum of human personality.

Openness refers to a person's willingness to engage with new experiences and ideas, suggesting creativity and open-mindedness. Conscientiousness encompasses traits related to discipline, organization, and dependability. Extraversion describes the extent to which an individual is sociable, outgoing, and energized by social interactions.

Empathy, while an important aspect of emotional intelligence and interpersonal relations, does not fit within the OCEAN framework. Instead, empathy is often considered a facet of Agreeableness, which captures how individuals interact with others, focusing on traits like cooperation and kindness. Since empathy is not one of the defining traits of the OCEAN model, it is identified as the option that does not belong within this specific personality framework.